Windows On The Universe: The Era Of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics

The Windows on the Universe: The Era of Multi Messenger Astrophysics program is administered by the National Science Foundation, a federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering in the United States. This program operates through multiple divisions including the Division of Astronomical Sciences, the Division of Physics, and the Office of Polar Programs, reflecting its interdisciplinary nature. The initiative was designed to foster collaboration across different observational and theoretical domains in astrophysics, aligning with NSF broader mission to advance scientific discovery and innovation. The purpose of the program is to support research that advances multi messenger astrophysics, a field that integrates observations from electromagnetic waves, high energy particles such as neutrinos and cosmic rays, and gravitational waves. Each of these messengers provides unique insights into astrophysical phenomena, and their integration enables a more comprehensive understanding of the universe. The program emphasizes building interoperability across these domains and accelerating the synergy between observational and theoretical approaches. Funding under this program is intended for activities that fall into three primary areas. First, coordination efforts that bring together observations involving more than one messenger are supported. Second, observational research targeting astrophysical objects or phenomena that may produce multiple messengers is eligible. Third, interpretation activities including theory development, simulations, and experiments that help explain multi messenger observations are encouraged. The program prioritizes proposals that significantly advance integrated capabilities and strengthen collaboration across research communities. The scope of allowable activities includes both experimental and theoretical work, but proposals must demonstrate a clear multi messenger component rather than focusing on a single observational domain. The program is not intended to replace existing NSF programs that fund individual messenger research, but rather to complement them by supporting integrated efforts. Proposals may also include workforce development components aimed at training new researchers in multi messenger astrophysics, as well as initiatives to enhance community coordination and shared infrastructure. Eligibility for this program is broad and follows standard NSF guidelines, which typically include institutions of higher education, nonprofit research organizations, and other entities capable of conducting scientific research. Proposals must be submitted through NSF designated programs and must comply with the Proposal and Award Policies and Procedures Guide. Applicants are required to clearly indicate their intent to be considered under the multi messenger program by including the designated acronym at the beginning of the proposal title and ensuring alignment with at least one of the program criteria. The submission process involves preparing a full research proposal in accordance with NSF requirements and submitting it through the appropriate program channels. Proposals are evaluated based on their potential to advance multi messenger astrophysics, their integration across observational domains, and their contribution to community building and scientific innovation. Program officers across participating divisions serve as points of contact for applicants, and multiple contacts are available to guide proposers to the appropriate program area. This funding opportunity has been archived, indicating that it is no longer accepting applications and does not have an active deadline or recurring cycle. While the program previously supported a defined period of activity, future opportunities in this area may be incorporated into other NSF programs or reissued under updated solicitations. Applicants interested in similar funding are encouraged to explore related NSF programs in astronomy, physics, and particle astrophysics.